diff --git a/components/room/StreamGrid.vue b/components/room/StreamGrid.vue
index f4ff6f8..4d949fb 100644
--- a/components/room/StreamGrid.vue
+++ b/components/room/StreamGrid.vue
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ const gridClass = computed(() => {
       :viewer-names="viewerNamesByStream[card.streamId] || []"
       :volume="volumeMap[card.streamId] ?? 1"
       :muted="mutedMap[card.streamId] ?? false"
-      :focused="focusStreamId === card.streamId"
+      :focused="layoutMode === 'focus' ? index === 0 : focusStreamId === card.streamId"
       @update:volume="emit('update:volume', card.streamId, $event)"
       @update:muted="emit('update:muted', card.streamId, $event)"
       @stop="emit('stop', card.streamId)"
diff --git a/components/room/VideoPlayerCard.vue b/components/room/VideoPlayerCard.vue
index 65c2497..b00fbf4 100644
--- a/components/room/VideoPlayerCard.vue
+++ b/components/room/VideoPlayerCard.vue
@@ -20,13 +20,41 @@ const emit = defineEmits<{
 const videoRef = ref<HTMLVideoElement | null>(null)
 const { formatted } = useRoomTimer(() => props.startedAt)
 
+const dvrEnabled = computed(() => Boolean(props.focused && props.mediaStream))
+
+const {
+  delayLabel,
+  isLive,
+  canSeekBack,
+  canSeekForward,
+  bufferMs,
+  recording,
+  error: dvrError,
+  seekBack,
+  seekForward,
+  goLive,
+  SEEK_STEP_MS,
+} = useStreamDvr({
+  enabled: dvrEnabled,
+  stream: () => props.mediaStream,
+  videoRef,
+})
+
+const bufferReadySec = computed(() => Math.floor(bufferMs.value / 1000))
+
+function attachLiveStream(stream: MediaStream | null) {
+  const el = videoRef.value
+  if (!el) return
+  el.srcObject = stream
+  if (stream) el.play().catch(() => {})
+}
+
 watch(
-  () => props.mediaStream,
-  (stream) => {
-    const el = videoRef.value
-    if (!el) return
-    el.srcObject = stream
-    el.play().catch(() => {})
+  () => [props.mediaStream, props.focused] as const,
+  ([stream, focused]) => {
+    // Focused card: DVR composable owns the <video> element
+    if (focused) return
+    attachLiveStream(stream)
   },
   { immediate: true },
 )
@@ -43,12 +71,13 @@ watch(
 )
 
 onMounted(() => {
+  if (!props.focused) {
+    attachLiveStream(props.mediaStream)
+  }
   const el = videoRef.value
-  if (el && props.mediaStream) {
-    el.srcObject = props.mediaStream
+  if (el) {
     el.volume = props.volume
     el.muted = props.muted
-    el.play().catch(() => {})
   }
 })
 </script>
@@ -63,13 +92,68 @@ onMounted(() => {
       <div class="pointer-events-none absolute left-2 top-2 rounded bg-black/60 px-2 py-1 text-xs">
         {{ title }} · {{ formatted }}
       </div>
+      <div
+        v-if="focused"
+        class="absolute right-2 top-2 flex items-center gap-1.5"
+      >
+        <span
+          class="rounded px-2 py-1 text-xs font-semibold"
+          :class="isLive ? 'bg-red-600 text-white' : 'bg-amber-500/90 text-black'"
+        >
+          {{ delayLabel }}
+        </span>
+        <span
+          v-if="recording"
+          class="rounded bg-black/60 px-2 py-1 text-[10px] text-[var(--text-muted)]"
+        >
+          버퍼 {{ bufferReadySec }}s
+        </span>
+      </div>
       <div
         v-if="viewerNames.length"
-        class="pointer-events-none absolute bottom-2 left-2 max-w-[80%] truncate rounded bg-black/60 px-2 py-1 text-[11px] text-[var(--text-muted)]"
+        class="pointer-events-none absolute bottom-2 left-2 max-w-[70%] truncate rounded bg-black/60 px-2 py-1 text-[11px] text-[var(--text-muted)]"
       >
         시청: {{ viewerNames.join(', ') }}
       </div>
     </div>
+
+    <div
+      v-if="focused"
+      class="flex flex-wrap items-center gap-2 border-t border-[var(--border)] bg-[var(--bg-elevated)] px-3 py-2"
+    >
+      <button
+        type="button"
+        class="btn-ghost !px-2 !py-1 text-xs"
+        :disabled="!canSeekBack"
+        title="5초 뒤로 (←)"
+        @click="seekBack"
+      >
+        ⏪ -{{ SEEK_STEP_MS / 1000 }}s
+      </button>
+      <button
+        type="button"
+        class="btn-ghost !px-2 !py-1 text-xs"
+        :disabled="!canSeekForward"
+        title="5초 앞으로 (→)"
+        @click="seekForward"
+      >
+        +{{ SEEK_STEP_MS / 1000 }}s ⏩
+      </button>
+      <button
+        type="button"
+        class="btn-primary !px-3 !py-1 text-xs"
+        :disabled="isLive"
+        title="라이브로 복귀 (L / End)"
+        @click="goLive"
+      >
+        라이브로
+      </button>
+      <span class="text-[11px] text-[var(--text-muted)]">
+        ←/→ 5초 · L 라이브 · 최대 약 1분
+      </span>
+      <p v-if="dvrError" class="w-full text-xs text-[var(--danger)]">{{ dvrError }}</p>
+    </div>
+
     <div class="flex items-center gap-2 border-t border-[var(--border)] bg-[var(--bg-panel)] px-3 py-2">
       <button
         type="button"
diff --git a/composables/useStreamDvr.ts b/composables/useStreamDvr.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..aacec2d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/composables/useStreamDvr.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,275 @@
+const BUFFER_MS = 60_000
+const SEEK_STEP_MS = 5_000
+const CHUNK_MS = 1_000
+
+type BufferChunk = { blob: Blob; at: number }
+
+function pickMimeType() {
+  const candidates = [
+    'video/webm;codecs=vp9,opus',
+    'video/webm;codecs=vp8,opus',
+    'video/webm;codecs=vp9',
+    'video/webm;codecs=vp8',
+    'video/webm',
+  ]
+  return candidates.find((t) => MediaRecorder.isTypeSupported(t)) || ''
+}
+
+/**
+ * Rolling ~60s MediaRecorder buffer for the focused live stream.
+ * Seek back in 5s steps, then return to live.
+ */
+export function useStreamDvr(options: {
+  enabled: MaybeRefOrGetter<boolean>
+  stream: MaybeRefOrGetter<MediaStream | null | undefined>
+  videoRef: Ref<HTMLVideoElement | null>
+}) {
+  const delayMs = ref(0)
+  const bufferMs = ref(0)
+  const recording = ref(false)
+  const error = ref<string | null>(null)
+
+  const isLive = computed(() => delayMs.value <= 0)
+  const canSeekBack = computed(() => bufferMs.value - delayMs.value >= SEEK_STEP_MS)
+  const canSeekForward = computed(() => delayMs.value >= SEEK_STEP_MS)
+
+  const delayLabel = computed(() => {
+    if (isLive.value) return 'LIVE'
+    const sec = Math.round(delayMs.value / 1000)
+    const m = Math.floor(sec / 60)
+    const s = sec % 60
+    return `-${m}:${String(s).padStart(2, '0')}`
+  })
+
+  let recorder: MediaRecorder | null = null
+  let chunks: BufferChunk[] = []
+  let mimeType = ''
+  let objectUrl: string | null = null
+  let applyToken = 0
+
+  function revokeUrl() {
+    if (objectUrl) {
+      URL.revokeObjectURL(objectUrl)
+      objectUrl = null
+    }
+  }
+
+  function pruneChunks() {
+    const cutoff = Date.now() - BUFFER_MS
+    // Keep index 0 (init segment). Drop middle/old payload chunks.
+    while (chunks.length > 2 && chunks[1]!.at < cutoff) {
+      chunks.splice(1, 1)
+    }
+    if (chunks.length) {
+      bufferMs.value = Math.min(BUFFER_MS, Date.now() - chunks[0]!.at)
+    } else {
+      bufferMs.value = 0
+    }
+  }
+
+  function stopRecorder() {
+    if (recorder && recorder.state !== 'inactive') {
+      try {
+        recorder.stop()
+      } catch {
+        // ignore
+      }
+    }
+    recorder = null
+    recording.value = false
+    chunks = []
+    bufferMs.value = 0
+  }
+
+  function startRecorder(stream: MediaStream) {
+    stopRecorder()
+    revokeUrl()
+    error.value = null
+    mimeType = pickMimeType()
+    if (!mimeType) {
+      error.value = '이 브라우저는 DVR 버퍼(MediaRecorder)를 지원하지 않습니다.'
+      return
+    }
+    try {
+      recorder = new MediaRecorder(stream, {
+        mimeType,
+        videoBitsPerSecond: 3_000_000,
+      })
+    } catch (e) {
+      error.value = e instanceof Error ? e.message : 'MediaRecorder 시작 실패'
+      return
+    }
+
+    chunks = []
+    recorder.ondataavailable = (ev) => {
+      if (!ev.data || ev.data.size === 0) return
+      chunks.push({ blob: ev.data, at: Date.now() })
+      pruneChunks()
+    }
+    recorder.onerror = () => {
+      error.value = '녹화 버퍼 오류'
+    }
+    recorder.start(CHUNK_MS)
+    recording.value = true
+  }
+
+  async function attachLive() {
+    const el = options.videoRef.value
+    const stream = toValue(options.stream)
+    if (!el || !stream) return
+    revokeUrl()
+    el.pause()
+    el.removeAttribute('src')
+    el.load()
+    el.srcObject = stream
+    try {
+      await el.play()
+    } catch {
+      // autoplay / user gesture
+    }
+  }
+
+  async function attachDelayed(nextDelayMs: number) {
+    const el = options.videoRef.value
+    if (!el || chunks.length < 2) return
+
+    const token = ++applyToken
+    const blob = new Blob(
+      chunks.map((c) => c.blob),
+      { type: mimeType || 'video/webm' },
+    )
+    revokeUrl()
+    objectUrl = URL.createObjectURL(blob)
+
+    el.srcObject = null
+    el.src = objectUrl
+
+    await new Promise<void>((resolve) => {
+      const onMeta = () => {
+        el.removeEventListener('loadedmetadata', onMeta)
+        resolve()
+      }
+      el.addEventListener('loadedmetadata', onMeta)
+      // safety
+      setTimeout(resolve, 800)
+    })
+
+    if (token !== applyToken) return
+
+    const estimated = Math.max(0.1, (Date.now() - chunks[0]!.at) / 1000)
+    const duration =
+      Number.isFinite(el.duration) && el.duration > 0 && el.duration !== Infinity
+        ? el.duration
+        : estimated
+    const maxDelay = Math.min(BUFFER_MS, Math.floor(duration * 1000))
+    const clamped = Math.min(Math.max(0, nextDelayMs), maxDelay)
+    delayMs.value = clamped
+    el.currentTime = Math.max(0, duration - clamped / 1000)
+
+    try {
+      await el.play()
+    } catch {
+      // ignore
+    }
+
+    // If playback catches the end of buffer, return to live
+    const onEnded = () => {
+      el.removeEventListener('ended', onEnded)
+      goLive()
+    }
+    el.addEventListener('ended', onEnded)
+  }
+
+  async function seekBy(deltaMs: number) {
+    if (!toValue(options.enabled)) return
+    const next = delayMs.value - deltaMs
+    // deltaMs > 0 => toward live (reduce delay)
+    // deltaMs < 0 => farther from live (increase delay)
+    if (next <= 0) {
+      await goLive()
+      return
+    }
+    const maxDelay = Math.min(BUFFER_MS, bufferMs.value)
+    const clamped = Math.min(next, maxDelay)
+    if (clamped < SEEK_STEP_MS && next > 0) {
+      // not enough buffer yet
+      return
+    }
+    await attachDelayed(clamped)
+  }
+
+  async function seekBack() {
+    await seekBy(-SEEK_STEP_MS)
+  }
+
+  async function seekForward() {
+    await seekBy(SEEK_STEP_MS)
+  }
+
+  async function goLive() {
+    delayMs.value = 0
+    await attachLive()
+  }
+
+  function onKeydown(ev: KeyboardEvent) {
+    if (!toValue(options.enabled)) return
+    const tag = (ev.target as HTMLElement | null)?.tagName
+    if (tag === 'INPUT' || tag === 'TEXTAREA' || (ev.target as HTMLElement)?.isContentEditable) {
+      return
+    }
+    if (ev.key === 'ArrowLeft') {
+      ev.preventDefault()
+      seekBack()
+    } else if (ev.key === 'ArrowRight') {
+      ev.preventDefault()
+      seekForward()
+    } else if (ev.key === 'End' || ev.key === 'l' || ev.key === 'L') {
+      ev.preventDefault()
+      goLive()
+    }
+  }
+
+  watch(
+    () => [toValue(options.enabled), toValue(options.stream), options.videoRef.value] as const,
+    ([enabled, stream, el]) => {
+      if (!import.meta.client) return
+      if (enabled && stream && el) {
+        startRecorder(stream)
+        delayMs.value = 0
+        attachLive()
+      } else if (!enabled || !stream) {
+        stopRecorder()
+        revokeUrl()
+        delayMs.value = 0
+        // Non-focused cards keep normal srcObject binding elsewhere
+      }
+    },
+    { immediate: true, flush: 'post' },
+  )
+
+  onMounted(() => {
+    window.addEventListener('keydown', onKeydown)
+  })
+
+  onBeforeUnmount(() => {
+    window.removeEventListener('keydown', onKeydown)
+    stopRecorder()
+    revokeUrl()
+  })
+
+  return {
+    BUFFER_MS,
+    SEEK_STEP_MS,
+    delayMs,
+    bufferMs,
+    recording,
+    error,
+    isLive,
+    canSeekBack,
+    canSeekForward,
+    delayLabel,
+    seekBack,
+    seekForward,
+    goLive,
+  }
+}
diff --git a/composables/useWebRTC.ts b/composables/useWebRTC.ts
index d6b1130..912f808 100644
--- a/composables/useWebRTC.ts
+++ b/composables/useWebRTC.ts
@@ -68,6 +68,11 @@ export function useWebRTC(options: {
 
   async function createOfferAsViewer(broadcasterId: string, streamId: string) {
     const pc = getPc(broadcasterId, streamId)
+    // Without recvonly transceivers the offer carries no m-lines and no media can flow back.
+    if (pc.getTransceivers().length === 0) {
+      pc.addTransceiver('video', { direction: 'recvonly' })
+      pc.addTransceiver('audio', { direction: 'recvonly' })
+    }
     const offer = await pc.createOffer()
     await pc.setLocalDescription(offer)
     options.socket.value?.emit('webrtc:offer', {
@@ -79,6 +84,8 @@ export function useWebRTC(options: {
 
   async function handleOffer(from: string, streamId: string, sdp: RTCSessionDescriptionInit) {
     const pc = getPc(from, streamId)
+    // Set the remote offer first so addTrack reuses the viewer's recvonly transceivers.
+    await pc.setRemoteDescription(sdp)
     const local = options.getLocalStream()
     if (local) {
       for (const track of local.getTracks()) {
@@ -86,7 +93,6 @@ export function useWebRTC(options: {
         if (!exists) pc.addTrack(track, local)
       }
     }
-    await pc.setRemoteDescription(sdp)
     const answer = await pc.createAnswer()
     await pc.setLocalDescription(answer)
     options.socket.value?.emit('webrtc:answer', {